Lyons Law Firm represents individuals regarding
various employment torts which arise during the course of, and subsequent to,
their employment. These issues
include, but are not limited to:
u Assault
and Battery:
v Blackstone
defines an "assault" as: "An attempt or offer to beat another,
without touching him; as if one lifts up his cane or fist in a threatening
manner at another, or strikes at him, but misses him." An assault is a
trespass for which a man shall have an action to recover damages, though there be no battery and therefore no physical hurt. 3 Bl.Comm. 120;
Pollock, C.B., in Corbett v. Gray, 4 Exch. 729; 2 Modern American Law,
Blackstone Inst. 8, 9, 17, 18. The law in such case allows the jury to
assess damages for the insult and the indignity, and for the hurt to the
feelings, and for mental suffering and fright caused by assault.
v Battery is
defined as any unlawful touching of another which is without justification or
excuse. It is both a tort as well
as a crime. Blacks Law Dictionary,
5th ed. (1979). Oral abuse or provocation,
independent of any overt hostile act, however opprobrious or insulting, does
not justify an assault and battery. Haman v. Omaha Horse Ry. Co., 35
Neb. 74, 52 N.W. 830 (1892). Conversely, when accompanied by an overt
hostile act, such oral abuse may amount to a challenge to fight and constitute
consent. Restatement of Torts 2d ed. Section 69.
u Civil Conspiracy:
v In Hilton
Hotels v. Butch Lewis Productions, 109 Nev. 1043, 1048, 862 P.2d 1207 (1993), the Nevada Supreme Court stated:
An actionable conspiracy consists of a
combination of two or more persons who, by some concerted action, intend to
accomplish an unlawful objective for the purpose of harming another, and damage
results from the act or acts.
u Discharge in violation of public policy:
v In Ponsock v. K-Mart, 103 Nev. 39,
47, 732 P.2d 1364, 1369 (1987), the Nevada Supreme Court stated that an
employer can dismiss an at-will employee with or without cause, so long as the
dismissal does not offend the public policy of the state of Nevada.
u Defamation:
v There are
two types of Defamation, slander and libel. Both types of Defamation involve
defamatory statements. The
essential difference between the two is that slander is an oral defamation,
while libel is written.
u Intentional infliction of emotional distress:
v In Shoen v. Amerco,
Inc., 111 Nev. 735, 747, 896 P.2d 469, 476 (1995), the Nevada Supreme
Court recognized the tort of the Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress
in the employment context. The
Court stated:
The elements of a cause of action for
intentional infliction of emotional distress are: "(1) extreme and outrageous conduct
with either the intention of, or reckless disregard for, causing emotional
distress, (2) the plaintiff's having suffered severe
or extreme emotional distress and (3) actual or proximate causation."
Id., 896 P.2d at 476 (quoting Star v. Rabello, 97 Nev. 124, 125, 625 P.2d 90, 91-92
(1981)).
u Invasions of privacy:
v In PETA
v. Berosini, 110 Nev. 78, 92-93, 867 P.2d
1121, 1130 (1994), the Nevada Supreme Court recognized the four torts of
privacy set forth in Restatement (Second) of Torts § 652A as follows: The
four species of privacy tort are: 1) unreasonable intrusion upon the seclusion
of another; 2) appropriation of the name or likeness of another; 3)
unreasonable publicity given to private facts; and 4) publicity unreasonably
placing another in a false light before the public. The primary tort that applies in the
employment field is the third privacy tort, unreasonable publicity given to
private facts.
In State v. Eighth Judicial District Court
ex rel. County of Clark, 42 P.3d 233, 240
(Nev. 2002), the Nevada Supreme Court stated:
"To maintain a cause of action for public
disclosure of private facts one must prove that a public disclosure of private
facts has occurred which would be offensive and objectionable to a reasonable
person of ordinary sensibilities."
The Restatement (Second) of Torts provides that rules of
conditional privilege that apply to a defamation claim are applicable in an
invasion of privacy claim.
u Fraud:
v Under
Nevada law, in order to establish a cause of action for fraudulent
misrepresentation or deceit, the plaintiff must show by clear and convincing
evidence that: (1) a false
representation made by the defendant; (2) defendant’s knowledge or belief
that its representation was false or that defendant has an insufficient basis
of information for making the representation; (3) defendant intended to induce
plaintiff to act or refrain from acting upon the misrepresentation; and (4)
damage to the plaintiff as a result of relying on the misrepresentation. Epperson v. Roloff, 102 Nev. 206, 210 - 211, 719 P.2d 799
(1986); Barmettler v. Reno Air
Inc., 114 Nev. 441, 446 - 447, 956 P.2d 138 (1998); Lubbe
v. Barba, 91 Nev. 596, 599, 540 P.2d 115
(1995).
In order to show
justifiable reliance, the Plaintiff is required to show the following:
The causal connection between the wrongful
conduct and the resulting damage, essential throughout the law of torts, takes
in cases of misrepresentation the form of inducement of the plaintiff to act,
or to refrain from acting, to his detriment. The false representation must have
played a material and substantial part in leading the plaintiff to adopt his
particular course; and when he was unaware of it at the time that he acted, or
it is clear that he was not in any way influenced by it, and would have done
the same thing without it for other reasons, his loss is not attributed to the
defendant.
Lubbe
v. Barba, 91 Nev. 596, 600, 540 P.2d 115, 118 (1975).
u Tortious interference:
v In Leavitt v. Leisure Sports. Inc.,
103 Nev. 81, 734 P.2d 1221 (1987) the Nevada Supreme Court stated to establish tortious interference with prospective economic advantage
the plaintiff must prove:
(1) A prospective contractual relationship
between the plaintiff and a third party; (2) the defendant's knowledge of the
prospective relationship; (3) the intent to harm the plaintiff by preventing
the relationship; (4) the absence of privilege or justification by the
defendant; and, (5) actual harm to plaintiff as a result of defendant's
conduct.